虚拟语气的用法 写作应该注意

2015吐槽专用

句子谓语需用动词原形的情况

虚拟语气考试的频度非常大。虚拟语气主要分为两大类：谓语使用动词原形的情况及使用过去时或过去完成时的情况。

　1．句子谓语需用动词原形的情况

　　　1）英语中有些表示愿望、建议、命令、要求的动词的宾语从句的谓语需用

should十动词原形， 美国英语多用动词原形，英国英语可用动词原形或用 should十动词原形两种形式。

这些常用动词包括：suggest，propose，recommend，order，demand command request，require，insist，desire，ask，

urge，advise，move（提动议），prefer，determine，resolve，decide，vote，arrange.

这些动词变为被动态时，从句谓语仍需用虚拟式。见下例：

　　(1)Mary insisted that John come．

　　(2)We desire that the tour leader _____ us immediately of any changein plans．

　　　a. inform b. informs c．informed d．has informed（答案a．CET4'93/6.）

　　(3)Congress has decided that the present law be maintained．

　　(4)My father did not go to New York ； the doctorsuggested that he _____ there．

　　　a. not go b. hadn't gone c. not to go d. wouldn't go（答案a．CET6）

　　(5)They demanded that the aggressor troops (should) be withdrawnimmediately.

　　(6)They requested that we（should）send adelegation to their country．

　　(7)We prefer that the plan should be fully discussed before beingput into execution．

（注：prefer的宾语从句谓语多用 should十动词原形，也可直接用动词原形。）

　　(8)It is recommended that the project _____ until all thepreparations have been made.

a．not be started b．will not bestarted

c．Is not started d．Is not to bestarted （答案a.CET4'95／6．）

　　(9)It was arranged that they leave the following week．

　　(10) It is。quested．that John（should）give a performance at the party．

　　与这些动词同源的名词的同位语从句或表语从句的谓语动词也需用虚拟语气。

与这些动词相应的名词有： suggestion／proposal／recommendation／order／demand／

request／requirement／insistence／desire／ advice／motion（动 议）／determination／

resolution／decision/preference／arrangement等。

见下例：

　(1)He gave orders that the work（should）be startedat once．

　　(2)Everyone was tired，so Bill got up and made a motion that the meeting be adjourned．

　　(3)Presently he made the suggestion that they carry on theirconversation in French．

　　2）在一些形容词后面的从句谓语需用虚拟语气。

　　英语中有些表示必要性、重要性、愿望、建议、惊异、遗憾、要求等意思的形容词，在 It is十形容词十 that从句结构中，从句谓语需用虚拟式。

这些常用的形容词有：necessary／important／vital／imperative/urgent/appropriate/preferable/natural/strange/amazing/desirable/advisable/incredible；

以及以人作主语的形容词 desirous/insistent/sorry/sad/surprised等和名词pity／necessity／importance等的同位语从句。

见下例：

　　(1)It is necessary that he（should）be sentthere at once．

　　(2)It is important that we unite with all that can be united In thestruggle．

　　(3)t was essential that the application forms back before thedeadline．

　　　a．must be sent b． would be sent c．be sent d．were sent（答案 c．CET4'90／1．）

　　(4)It is highly desirable that every effort be made to reduceexpenditure．

　　(5)It is a great pity that he should be so conceited．

　　(6)It is a burning shame that little children should have to beg Instreet．

　　(7)It is of the utmost importance that you _____ here on time．

　　　a．be b．shall be c．are to be d．must be（答案 a．CET6'95／6．）

　　(8)The president is strongly desirous that you should attend themeeting．