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before before一特别要注意before在下面几个例句中的用法，在这些例句中，before相当于and then，汉语常译为"然后；才"：I must finish my work before go home．我必须先把工作做完再回家。He hadto be called two or three times before he would come to his dinner．往往要叫他两三遍，他才肯过来吃饭。The farmer decided to drive the cows away before they made moredamage to the crops．那个农夫决定把那些牛赶走，以免对庄稼造成更大的损害。It was several years before we met again．又过了好几年我们才又见了面。A man escaped from the prison last night．It was along time the guards discovered what had happened． a．before b．until c．since d．when（答案 a．CET．4'93／6．译文：昨晚一个犯人从监狱逃跑了，过了好久警卫才发现发生了什么事。）Scientists say it may be five or ten years _____ it is possible totest this medicine on human patients. A. since b. before c. after d. when (答案 b．CET．4'95／6．译文：科学家们说，可能还需要 5到 10年才能将这种药在病人身上作实验。（注：before的这一用法经常考试）
busy busy -busy作表语时仅面可跟如下结构：busy with／at／over/-ing"忙于……"：Jean did not have time to go to the concert last night because shewas busy for her examination． a．to prepare b．to be prepared c．preparing d．being prepared（答案 c．CET－4'93／6．译文：琼昨天晚上没有时间去听音乐会，因为她在忙于准备考试。）We were busy （get）things ready for the trial production when he phoned us．（考研'80．答案：将get变为getting．译文：我们正为试生产而忙着做准备时，他打来了电话．）
but for but for ----用于虚拟语气中，表示"若非"，相当于if not，后面跟名词；还可用 but that引导一个从句，陈述具体事实：_____ bed its destination on time. a．In case of b．In spite ofc．Because of d．But for（答案 d．CET－6'90／1．译文：若不是由于洪水，轮船就可以按时抵达目的地了）。He might have been killed __＿_ the arrival of thepolice．a．except for b．but for c．with d．for（答案 b．CET－6'95／6．译文：若不是警察赶到，他可能就被杀害了。） ______ the English examination I would have gone to the concertlast Sunday. a. In spite of b. But for c. Because of d. As for（答案 b．考研'91．译文：要不是有英语考试，我上个星期天就去听音乐会了。）
but that but that ---- 用在虚拟语气中，but that从句谓语用陈述语气，陈述具体事实，表示"倘没有，若不是"： He would have helped us but that he was short of money at the time.他本来会帮助我们的， 但当时他没有钱。 butthat 还用在"（It is） not that…but that…"句式中,表示"不是因为…而是因为…"：Not that John doesn't want to help you, but that it's beyond hispower.不是约翰不想帮助你，而是因为他无能为力。 can／could can／could ---- 1．"can't…too""怎么也不为过'：You can't be _____ careful in making the decision as it is such acritical case．a．quite b．very c．too d．so（答案 c．选自六级样题．译文：做这一决定时再细心也不为过，因为这是一件至关重要的事情。）
2．"can't/couldn't+比较级"表示"不可能再"，实际上等于"……最"：The earthquake could not have come at a worse time for the war－torn country．对于那个饱受战争之苦的国家来说， 地震发生的时间再糟糕不过了。
3．"can't/couldn't+完成式"用于推断过去"不可能发生了某事"：Mary、my letter， otherwise she would have replied before now．a．has receivedb. ought to have received c. couldn't have received d. shouldn't have received（答案 C．考研'91．译文：玛丽不可能收到了我的信，不然她一定会回信的。）Comrade Li _____ be in Beijing because saw him in town only a fewminutes ago．a．mustn't b．can't c．may not d．isn't able to（答案b．考研'80．译文：李同志不可能在北京，因为仅在几分钟前我还在城里见到了他。）
cannot help-ing cannot help-ing ----"禁不住，忍不住；避免不了"：I couldn'thelp overhearing what he said.我禁不住偷听了他说的话。We couldn't help their seeing us．我们避免不了他们看见我们。 cannot help but do
cannot help but do -----"不由得，不能不"（与 cannothelp-ing基本同义）：You can't help but respect them．你不由的要尊敬他们。（注：在这个句式中，还可以把help省略掉，意思不变，如上面的句子也可改变为：You cannot but respect them．） cannot choose but do
cannot choose but do ----注意ht后面习惯上跟不带 to的不定式，表示"没有别的办法，只好"； He cannotchoose but obey．他没有别的办法，只好服从。
choice choice ----注意choice在下面句型中的用法：1．"have no choice but to do"或"There's nochoice for sb but to do""没有别的办法，只好"（注意 but后面的不定式必须带 to）：We had nochoice but to do what we were asked．我们不得不做要求我们做的工作。2．"haveno other choice than to do""没有别的选择，只好"：The beatenenemy had no other choice than．a．surrender b．surrendering c．to surrender d．to be surrendered（答案c．译文：被打败的敌人没有别的选择只好投降。）
do more than do do more than do ----注意 than后面习惯上跟不带to的不定式，表示"不仅仅，不单单，不只是"：In the course of a day students do far more than Just classes．a．attend b． attended c.toattend d．attending（答案 a．CET－4'93／6．译文：在一天之内，学生不只是上课（还要做许多别的事情）。Colleges and universities across the nation have decided to do morethan talk about the use in student cheating．除了谈论学生作弊的上升以外，全国各地的大学已决定采取一切措施。（摘自《大学英语》第二册第8课 Honesty：Is It Going Out of Style？）
do nothing but（do） do nothing but（do） ----"仅仅（做），只（做），除……外什么都不（做）"：Lots of empty bottles were found under the old man's bed．He must havedone nothing but _____ （drink）．（答案：but后用原形动词 drink。考研'89）（注意下面的句式）So there was nothing for them to do ______ their places at the endof It．a．except take b．but take c．besides take d． but to take（答案 d．译文：他们只好在尽头自己的座位上坐下。）（注意这里的 but后面用不定式to take与前面的for them to do是并列的，处在相同的位置上，作nothing的定语： nothing to do but to take...) do nothing else than (do)
do nothing else than (do) ---- 注意：do nothing后面用了else后就要用than而不再用but, 但than后面同样用不带to的不定式：He satthere, doing nothing else ______. a. but to laugh b. than laughing c. thanlaugh d. but laughed （答案c. 译文：他坐在那里一个劲地笑。）但注意下面这个句子：He had nothing else to do except to return/than to return to his hotroom..他没有别的办法，只好回到自己酷热的房间。（这个句子中的不定式 to do和to return做 nothing else的定语．）
either…or either…or ----"或是……或是……；不是……就是…"。由选择连词either…or引导的名词作主语时，谓语动词的人称和数要与or后面的名词保持一致。either…or还可以引导并列名词或介词短语作宾语，引导并列谓语或表语，引导并列状语或定语，引导并列分句。该结构的关键是由它们引导的两个部分必须并列处于同一层次上：Either Tim or his brothers have to shovel the snow．要么蒂姆，要么他的兄弟们，必须铲雪。The local hunters either shoot or trap them．当地的猎人或者枪杀它们，或者设陷捕捉它们。Either you must improve your work or shall dismiss you．要么改进你的工作，否则我就解雇你。I was advised _____ for reservations． a．to eithertelephone or to write the hotel． b. either to telephone or to write the hotel c. that I shouldtelephone or to write the hotel d. I ought either to telephone or write thehotel（答案 b．考研 '85．译文：他们建议我要么给旅馆打电话，要么给旅馆写封信预订房间。）
find find ----- find后面可以跟带现在分词、过去分词、形容词或不定式 to be的复合结构作宾语；如果是不定式本身作宾语，要把不定式后移，用形式宾语 it填补其位置：He was found dying／dead／injured．人们发现他快死了／已经死了／受了伤。We found（him to be／that he was）the right man for the job．我们发现他是做这项工作的合适人选。Ifound to answer all the questions within the time given． a. no possibilityb．there was impossibility c. impossible d. it impossible（答案d．考研'80．译文：我发现在限定的时间内回答所有那些问题是不可能的。）（find上面的用法考试频度也很大） for
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发表于 2015-8-15 16:12:48
