【CATTI二级口译】CATTI二级口译精讲第11讲讲义

兔斯基

CATTI二级口译精讲第11讲讲义主要内容：

名师授课语音，点此收听

讲义内容：

思维理解 (二) 信息视觉化

语音、语义、语篇意义的产生有赖于认知知识，而认知知识并非完全以语言为载体存在于大脑 中，还有其他存储方式。为了避免将精力放在字词上，我们可以采用视觉化方法,边听边将听到的内容视觉化，用视觉跟踪事态的发展，借助形象来记忆听到的内容，这样做既 可避免只听字词，还可在表达时实现通畅和清晰。

下面这段话就可以采用视觉化手段进行记忆:

There's something in the Persian Gulf waters near Kuwait that has been killing tens ofthousands of fish. No one seems to know what it is or why the fish are dying, but scientists fromaround the world are descending on Kuwait in hopes of finding the answer. Tons of dead fish areappearing in Persian Gulf waters off the coast of Kuwait. Scientists say they have never seenanything like it. It started around the 10th of August. Since then, around 2,000 tons of deadfish, most mullet, have been recovered from Kuwaiti waters and dead fish are still appearing.The fish market in Kuwait has been shut down and is reported losing more than $ 1.5 millionper day. The government has placed a ban on fishing in Kuwaiti waters and has set up acommittee of inquiry. Scientists from around the world, including the United States andBritain, are either already in Kuwait or en route to help solve what has become a scientificmystery. The investigations thus far have been exhaustive. So far, scientists say their bestguess for what is killing the fish is an infection caused by warmer-than- normal Persian Gulfwaters. Temperatures in Kuwait over the past several weeks have been soaring above 50degrees Celsius. However, the hot water theory is just one possible explanation. Scientists arealso examining the possibility of sewage or agricultural bacteria being exposed to Persian Gulfwaters. They say they have ruled out any possible connection to the 1991 Gulf War.Investigators hope they can find a definitive answer to what is killing Kuwait's fish within thenext few weeks.

当我们听到"killing tens of thousands of fish"时，可以联想到一大片的死鱼漂在海面上，对此我们一定也想知道其中的原因。接着下文讲一些科学家突然抵达科威特，希望找出鱼的死因。科学家到后，我们可以想象他们匆匆赶往波斯海湾，看到海边数十吨的死鱼不断浮上水面，而科威特的市场也一片萧条。这样的串联形象可以帮助我们记住讲话中的细节。而且我们很快可以把握住讲话的主旨是要说明鱼群暴死的原因。信息视觉化在口译中非常重要，它可以帮助我们丢掉语言形式，而将信息意义提炼出来。例如
在下面的一段话中，

Many people are too weak to be able to eat and that means that they have had to install asystem called "wet feeding" with grains and it's mixed with water and it gurgles down easier.

如果我们将信息视觉化，眼前可以呈现出照片上经常出现的情景：孩子们坐在那里，骨瘦如柴、目光呆滞、非常虚弱，进而可以推断出他们吃东西困难，只能吃流食。如果我们将注意力只集中在语言上的话，第一句很可能译成"孩子们忘记了如何吃饭"，而且还会被wetfeeding这个词所羁绊，费力去想它的对应词，结果误了听下文。

汉译英中，也同样可以采用信息视觉化来理解讲话的含义，如：我们第一次参观秦俑还是在1992年。而秦俑是在1974年首次被发现的，那年，一些农民在挖井时挖到了一个陶俑头。我们去的时候一切设施才刚刚开始建设，实际上一号坑还只是部分被发掘。现在二号、 三号坑都已在完工阶段了。秦俑也已被联合国教科文组织指定为世界历史遗址。事实上，令人震惊的不仅是这 支地下军队的巨大的规模，还有秦俑复杂的形象，表情各异的神态，还有建筑构造，它设计独特，可以保护秦 俑形象免遭自然力和污染的侵害。此时，我被空气中弥漫的古老土壤气息包围着，仿佛可以听到剑盾的撞击声.当我们在听到"参观兵马俑"时，眼前涌现出兵马俑的壮观，表情各异的神态，以及凝重的历史氛围，再加上我们大脑中已储存的对发掘兵马俑的历史背景，这样我们就可以脱开语言的形式，抓住讲话人 的含义，借助于故事和形象将信息的意义阐释出来。

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