中国人写托福作文往往会有“中国特色”,比如:中国人习惯于用人称主语,而英语中则常用无灵主语,新东方网托福频道分享托福写作如何巧用“无灵主语”,写托福作文时,我们要有意识地按照英语的思维去表达,这样不仅能写出地道的英语句子,也避免了作文中千篇一律的“人”主宰一切的枯燥和沉闷的氛围。 主语多样化:中国人习惯于用人称主语,而英语中则常用无灵主语 (inanimate subject),即无生命的事物作主语,如: 1.The last two decades has witnessed earth-shaking changes in China. 中国在过去的二十年中发生了翻天覆地的变化。 2 A strange peace came over her when she was alone. 她独处时感到一种特别的安宁。 3 I am very sorry that the pressure of other occupations has prevented me from sending an earlier reply to your letter. 由于我近来事务繁忙,没能给于及早回复,对此我表示深深的歉意。 4 The smallest excuse would have served. 其实,你随便找个哪怕最小的借口就可以了。 5 That night sleep eluded me. 那天晚上我彻夜未眠。 6 The old house has seen better days. 这座老房子的主人曾过着更好的生活。 7 Everything at the party spoke of careful planning. 派对上的一切都说明主人进行了精心策划。 8 A terrible thought suddenly struck me—had I locked the door? 我突然产生了一个可怕的想法——我锁门了吗? 9 When he had to speak, his confidence suddenly deserted him. 等到不得不说话时,他却突然没了信心。 在英语中没有生命的事物作主语,来作为动作的发出者是相当普遍的现象,几乎和人称主语句平分秋色。但由于受汉语思维的束缚,我们往往觉得人作主语更自然,因此大多数情况下,我们中国学生不假思索地采取汉语的思维去表达,如上述例1、例5和例9,很可能会写作如下的样子: 1b. Great changes have taken place in China in the last two decades. 5b. I failed to fall into sleep that night. 5c. I kept awake all through that night. 9b. When he had to speak, he suddenly lost confidence. 我们既然已经了解了英语的这种独特思维,写托福作文时,我们要有意识地按照英语的思维去表达,这样不仅能写出地道的英语句子,也避免了作文中千篇一律的“人”主宰一切的枯燥和沉闷的氛围。
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