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PartI Writing (30 minutes)
Directions：for this part，you are allowed 30 minutes towrite an essay based on the picture below．
You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and thencomment on this kind of modern life．You should write atleast l20 words but no more than l80words.
PartlI Listening Comprehension(30 minutes)
SectionA
Directions：In this section，youwill hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations．At the end of each conversation，one or more questions will be asked about what Was said．Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once．After each question there will be a pause．Duringthe pause，you must read thefour choices marked A.，B)，C)and D)． anddecide which is the best answer．Then mark thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet l with a single line through thecentre．
1．A.He is pleased to sit on the committee．
B.He iS willing to offer the woman a hand．
C.He will tell the woman his decision later．
D.He would like to become a club member．
2．A.Their planned trip to Vancouver is obviouslyoverpriced． B.They should borrow a guide book instead of buying one．
C.The guide books in the library have the latest information．
D.The library Can help order guide books about Vancouver． 3．A.He regrets havingtaken the history course．
B.He finds little interest in the history books．
C.He has trouble finishing his reading assignments．
D.He has difficulty writing the weekly book report．
4．A.The man had better choose another restaurant．
B.The new restaurant is a perfect place for dating．
C.The new restaurant caught her fancy immediately．
D.The man has good taste in choosing the restaurant．
5．A.He has been looking forward to spring．
B.He has been waiting for the winter sale．
C.He will clean the woman，s boots for spring．
D.He will help the woman put things away．
6．A.At a tailor’s．
B.At Bob’s home．
C.In a clothes store．
D.In a theatre．
7．A.His guests favor Tibetan drinks．
B.His water is quite extraordinary．
C.Mineral water is good for health．
D.Plain water will serve the purpose．
8．A.Report the result of a discussion．
B.Raise some environmental issues．
C.Submit an important document．
D.Revise an environmental report．
Questions9 t0 12 are based on the conversation you have justheard． 9．A.They pollute the soil used to cover them．
B.They are harmful to nearby neighborhoods．
C.The rubbish in them takes long to dissolve．
D.The gas they emit is extremely poisonous．
10．A.Growing population．
B.Packaging materials．
C.Changed eating habits．
D.Lower production cost．
11．A.By saving energy．
B.By using less aluminum．
C.By reducing poisonous wastes．
D.By making the most of materials．
12．A.We are running out of natural resources soon．
B.Only combined efforts can make a difference．
C.The waste problem will eventually hurt all of us．
D.All of us can actually benefit from recyclin9．
Questionsl3 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard． 13．A.Miami．
B.Vancouver．
C.Belling ham．
D.Boston．
14．A.To get information on one—way tickets to Canada．
B.To inquire about the price of“Super Saver”seats．
C.To get advice on how to fly as cheaply as possible．
D.To inquire about the shortest route to drive home．
15．A.Join a tourist group．
B.Choose a major airline．
C.Avoid trips in public holidays．
D.Book tickets as early as possible．
SectionB
Directions：In this section，you will hear 3 shortpassages．At the end of each passage，you will hear some questions．Both thepassage and the questions will be spoken only once．Afteryou hear a question，you must choose the best answerfrom the four choices marked A.，B)，C.and D)．Then mark the corresponding letteron Answer Sheet l with a single line through the centre．
PassageOne
Questionsl6 t0 18 are based on the passage you have just heard． 16．A.There are mysterious stories behind his works．
B.There are many misunderstandings about him．
C.His works have no match worldwide．
D.His personal history is little known． 17．A.He moved to Strat ford—on—Avon in his childhood．
B.He failed to go beyond grammar sch001．
C.He was a member of the town council．
D.He once worked in a well—known acting company． 18．A.Writers of his time had no means to protecttheir works．
B.Possible sources of clues about him were lost in a fire．
C.His works were adapted beyond recognition．
D.People of his time had little interest in him．
PassageTwo
Questionsl9 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard
19．A.It shows you have been ignoring your health
B. It can seriously affect your thinking process
C.It is an early warning of some illness．
D.It is a symptom of too much pressure． 20．A.Reduce our workload．
B.Control our temper．
C.Use painkillers for relief
D.Avoid masking syruptoms_ 21．A. Lying down and having some sleep．
B.Rubbing and pressing one’s back．
C.Going out for a walk
D.Listening to light music
PassageThree
Questions22 t0 25 are based on the passage you have just heard
22．A.Depending heavily on loans．
B.Having no budget plans at all．
C.Spending beyond one's means
D.Leaving no room for large bills 23．A.Many of them can be cut．
B. All of them have to be covered．
C.Their payment cannot be delayed
D.They eat up most of the family income 24．A.Rent a house instead of buying one．
B. Discuss the problem in the family．
C.Make a conservation plan
D.Move to a cheaper Place 25．A.Financial issues plaguing a family．
B.Difficulty in making both ends meet．
C.Family budget problems and solutions
D.New ways to boost family income
SectionC
Directions：In this section，you will hear a passagethree times．When the passage is read for the firsttime,you should listen carefully for its general idea．When the passage Its read for the second time,you are required to fill in theblanks with the exact words you have just heard．Finally，when the passage is read for the third time，youshould check what you have written． Perhaps becausegoing to college is so much a part of the American dream，manypeople go for no 26 reason． Some go because theirparents expect it，others because it's what theirfriends are doing.Then，there，sthe belief that a college degree will27 ensure a good joband high pay.
Some students 28 through four years，attending classes，orskipping(逃课)them as the case may be，reading only what can’t be avoided，looking for less 29courses，and never beingtoucned or changed in any important way． For a few ofthese people，college provides no 30，yet．Because of parental or peer pressure，they cannot voluntarily leave．They stoptrying in the hope that their tea。chers will nmke thedecision for them by 31 them． To put it bluntly (直截了当地)，unless you’re willing to make your collegeyears count，Y0u might be32 doing something else． Not everyone should attend college，norshould everyone who doe．Sattend begin right after high school．Manycollege students 33 taking a year or so 0ff.A year out m the world helps somepeople to 34 their priorities and goals．If you’re really going to get something out of going to college，you have to make it mean something，and to dothat you must have some idea why you're there，what youhope to get out of it，and35 even what you hope to become.
PartHI Reading Comprehension(40 minutes)
SectionA
Directions：In this section，there is a passage with tenblanks．You are required to select one word for eachblank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Readthe passage through carefully before making your choices．Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter．Please mark the corresponding letterfor each item on Answer Sheet 2with a single line through the centre．You may not useany of the words in the bank more than once． Questions36 t0 45 are based on the following passage．
It’s our guilty pleasure：Watching TV is themost comtion everyday activity，after work and sleep， in many parts of the world．Americans viewfive hours of TV each day，and while we know thatspending so much time sitting36 can lead to obesity(肥胖症)andother diseases，researchers have now quantified just how37 being a couch potato can be． In an analysis of data from eight large 38published studies，a Harvard—led group reportedin the that for every two hours per day spent channel 39 ，the risk of developing Type 2 diabetes Journal of the AmericanMedical Association(糖尿病)rose 20％over 8．5 years，therisk of heart disease increased l5％over a 40 ，and the odds of dying prematurely 41 13％duringa seven— year follow—up．All of these 42 are linked to a lack of physical exercise．But compared with other sedentary(久坐的)activities，like knitting，viewing TV may be especially43 at promoting unhealthy habits．For one，the sheer number of hours we pass watching TV dwarfs the time wespend on anything else．And other studies have foundthat watching ads for beer and popcorn may make you more likely to 44 them． Even so, the authors admit that they didn’t comparedifferent sedentary activities to 45 whether TV watching was linked to a greater riskof diabetes，heart disease or early death compared with，say，reading．
A.climbed
B.consume
C.decade
D.determine
E.effective
F.harmful
G.outcomes
H.passively
I.previously
J.resume
K.suffered
L.surfing
M.term
N.terminals
0.twisting
SectionB
Directions：In this section，you are going to read apassage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains informationgiven in one of the paragraphs．Identify the paragraphfrom which the information is derived．You may choose aparagraph more than once．Each paragraph is marked witha letter．Answer the questions by marking thecorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2．
Essay．Grading Software Offers Professors a Break
A.Imagine taking a college exam，and，instead of handing in a blue book and getting a grade from aprofessor a few weeks later，clicking the“send”button when you are done and receivinga grade back instantly，your essay scored by a softwareprogram．And then，instead ofbeing done with that exam，imagine that the system wouldimmediately let you rewrite the test to try to improve your grade． B.EDX，the nonprofit enterprise founded by Harvard andthe Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)to offer courses on the Internet，has just introduced such a system and will make its automated(自动的)software available free on the Web to any institution that wants touse it．The software uses artificial intelligence tograde student essays and short written answers，freeingprofessors for other tasks． C.The new service will bring the educationalconsortium(联盟)into a growing conflict over the role of automation in education．Although automated grading systems for multiple—choice and true—false tests are nowwidespread，the use of artificial intelligencetechnology to grade essay answers has not yet received widespread acceptance byeducators and has many critics. D.Anant Agarwal，an electrical engineer whois president of EDX，predicted that the instant—grading software would be a useful teaching tool enabling studentsto take tests and write essays over and over and improve the quality of theiranswers．He said the technology would offer distinctadvantages over the traditional classroom system，wherestudents often wait days or weeks lor grades．“There isa huge value in learning with instant feedback，”Dr．Agarwal said．“Students are telling us theylearn much better with instant feedback．” E.But skeptics(怀疑者)say the automated systemis no match for live teachers．One longtime critic， Les Perelman，has drawn national attentionseveral times for putting together nonsense essays that have fooled softwaregrading programs into giving high marks．He has alsobeen highly critical of studies claiming that the software compares well tohuman graders． F.He is among a group of educators who lastmonth began circulating a petition(呼吁)opposing automated assessment software．The group． which calls itself ProfessionalsAgainst Machine Scoring of Student Essays in High—StakesAssessment，has collected nearly 2，000 signatures，including some from famouspeople like Noanl Chomsky． G．“Let’s face therealities of automatic essay scorin9，”the group’s statement reads in part. “Computers cannot‘read．’They cannot measure the essentials ofeffective written communication：accuracy．reasonin9，adequacy of evidence，good sense，ethical(伦理的)position，convincing argument，meaningful organization，and clarity，among others．” H)But EdX expects its software to be adoptedwidely by schools and universities．It offers free online classes from Harvard．MIT and the University of California—Berkeley；this fall，it will add classes from Wellesley．Georgetown and the University of Texas．In all，12 universities participate in EDX，which offers certificates for course completion and has said that itplans to continue to expand next year，including addinginternational schools． I.The EDX assessment tool requires humanteachers，or graders，to first grade l00 essays oressay questions．The system then uses a variety ofmachine—learning techniques to train itself to be ableto grade any number of essays or answers automatically and almost instantly．The software will assign a grade depending on the scoring systemcreated by the teacher，whether it is a letter grade ornumerical(数字的)rank． J . EDX is not the first to use the automatedassessment technology，which dates to early computers in the l960s．There is now a range of companies offering commercial programs tograde written test answers，and four states--Louisiana，North Dakota，Utah and West Virginia--areusing some form
of the technology in secondary schools．A fifth，Indiana，has experimented with it．In some cases the software is used as a“secondreader．”to check the reliability of the human graders． K.But the growing influence of the EDxconsortium to set standards is likely to give the technology aboost．OnTuesday，Stanford announced that it would work with EDXto develop a joint educational system that will make use of the automatedassessment technology． L.Two start．ups．Courseraand Udacity，recently founded by Stanford facultymembers to create“massive open online courses，”0r MOOCs，are also committed to automatedassessment systems becauseof the value of instant feedback．‘‘It allows students to get immediate feedbackon their work．so that learning turns into a game，with students naturally gravitating(吸引)towardresubmitting the work until they get it right，”saidDaphne Koller，a computer scientist and afounder ofCoursera． M．Last year the Hewlett Foundation， a grant—malting organization set up by oneof the Hewlett Packard founders and his wife．sponsoredtwo$100，000 prizes aimed at improving software thatgrades essays and short answers．More than l50 teamsentered each category．A winner of one of the Hewlettcontests．Vik Paruchuri，washired by E(Ⅸto help design its assessment software． N．“One of our focuses is to help Mds learn how tothink critically，”said Victor Vuchic，a program officer at the Hewlett Foundation．“It’s probably impossible to do that withmultiple—choice tests The challenge is that thisrequires human graders，and so they cost a lot more andthey take a lot more time．“ O．Mark D．Shermis，a professor at the University of Akron in Ohi0．supervised the Hewlett Foundation’s conteston automated essay scoring and wrote a paper about the experiment．In his view，the technology--thoughimperfect--has a place in educational settings． P．With increasingly large classes，it is impossible for most teachers to give students meaningfulfeedback on writing assignments，he said．Plus，he noted，criticsof the technology have tended to come from the nation’sbest universities，where the level of teaching is muchbetter than at n lost schools． Q)“Often they come from very famous institutionswhere，in fact，they do a muchbetter．job of providing feedback than a machine evercould，”Dr．Shermis said．“There seems to be a lack of appreciation of what is actually goingon in the real world．” 46．Some professionals in education are collectingsignatures to voice their opposition to antomated essay grading． 47．Using software to grade students’ essays saves teachers time for other work． 48．The Hewlett contests aim at improving essaygrading software． 49．Though the automated grading system is widelyused in multiple—choice tests．automatedessay grading is still criticized by many educators． 50．Some people don’tbelieve the software grading system can do as good a job as human graders． 51．Critics of automated essay scoring do not seemto know the true realities in less famous universities． 52． Critics argue many important aspects ofeffective writing cannot be measured by computer rating programs． 53．As class size grows，mostteachers are unable to give students valuable comments aS to how to improvetheir writin9． 54．The automated assessment technology is sometimesused to double check the work of human graders． 55．Students find instant feedback helps improvetheir learning considerably．
SectionC
Directions：There are 2 passages in this section．Eachpassage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements．For each of them there are four choices marked A.，B)，C)and D.You should decide on the bestchoice and mark the corresponding letter on Answe Sheet 2 with a singleline through the centre．
PassageOne
Questions56 t0 60 are based on the following passage．
The endless debate about“work—life balance”often contains a hopeful footnote about stay at home dads．If American society and business won’t makeit easier on future female leaders who choose to have children，there is still the ray of hope that increasing numbers of full—time fathers will．But based on today’s socioeconomic trends，this hope is，unfortunately，misguided． It’s true that the number of men who have left workto do their thing as full—time parents has doubled in adecade，but it’s still verysmall：only 0．8％of married couples where the stay—at—horne father was out of the labor force for a year．Even that percentage is likely inflated by men thrust into theircaretaker role by a downsizing．This is simply not alarge enough group to reduce the social stigma(污名)andforce other adjustments necessary to supporting men in this decision．even if onlywork more than their family． Even shorter times away from work for workingfathers are already difficult．A study found that 85％ofnew fathers take some time off after the birth of a child—but for all but a few．it’s a week or two at most．Meanwhile，the average for women who take leave is more than lo weeks． Such choices impact who moves up in theorganization．While you’re away，someoneelse is doing your work，making your sales，taking care of your customers．That can’t help you at work．It can only hurt you．Women，of course，facethe same issues of returning after a long absence．Butwith many more women than men choosing to leave the workforce entirely to raisefamilies，returning from an extended parental leavedoesn’t raise as many eyebrows as it does for men． Women would make more if they didn’t breaktheir earning trajectory(轨迹)by leaving the workforce，or if higher-paying professions were more family friendly．In the foreseeable future，Stay at homefathers may make all the difference for individual families．but their presence won’t reduce the numbersof high potential women who are forced to choose between family and career．
56．What gives women a ray of hope to achieve work lifebalance?
A.More men taking an extended parental leave．
B.People’s changing attitudes towards family．
C.More women entering business management．
D.The improvement of their socioeconomic status． 57．Why does the author say the hope for more full—time fathers is misguided?
A.Women are better at taking care of children．
B.Many men value work more than their family．
C.Their number is too small to make a difference．
D.Not many men have the chance to stay at home． 58．Why do few men take a long parental leave?
A.A long leave will have a negative impact on their career．
B.They just have too many responsibilities to fulfill at work．
C.The economic loss will be too much for their family to bear．
D.They are likely to get fired if absent from work for too lon9． 59．What is the most likely reaction to menreturning from an extended parental leave?
A.Jealousy．
B.Surprise
C.Admiration
D.Sympathy． 60．What does the author say about high-potentialwomen in the not—too-distant future?
A.They will benefit from the trend of more fathers staying at home．
B.They will find high—paying professions a bit morefamily—friendly．
C.They are unlikely to break their career trajectory to raise a family．
D.They will still face the difficult choice between career and children．
PassageTwo
Questions61 tO 65 are based on the following passage．
Some of the world’s most significant problems never hit headlines．One example comes from agriculture．Foodriots and hunger make news．But the trend lying behindthese matters is rarely talked about．This is thedecline in the growth in yields of some of the world’smajor crops．A new study by the University of Minnesotaand McGill University in Montreal looks at where．andhow far．this decline is occurring． The authors take a vast number of data pointsfor the four most important crops：rice，wheat，corn and soyabeans(大豆)．They find that on between 24％ and 39％ of all harvested areas，the improvement inyields that took place before the l980s slowed down in the l990s and 2000s．There are two worrying features of the slowdown．One is that it has been particularly sharp in the world’s most populous(人口多的)countries，India and China．Their ability to feedthemselves has been an important source of relative stability both within thecountries and on world food markets． That self-sufficiency cannot be taken forgranted if yields continue to slow down or reverse．Second，yield growth has been lower in wheat and rice than in coll andsoyabeans．This is problematic because wheatand rice are more important as foods，accounting for around halfof all calories consumed．Corn and soyabeans are moreimportant as feed grains．The authors note that“we have preferentially focused our crop improvement efforts on feedinganimals and cars rather than on crops that feed people and are the basis offood security in much of the world．” The report qualifies the more optimisticfindings of another new paper which suggests that the world will not have todig up a lot more land for farming in order to feed 9 billion people in 2050，as theFood and Agriculture Organisation has argued． Instead，it says，thanks to slowing population growth，land currently ploughed up for crops might be able to revert(回返)to forest or wilderness．This could happen．The trouble is that the forecast assumes continued improvements inyields which may not actually happen. 61．What does the author try to draw attention to?
A.Food riots and hunger in the world．
B.News headlines in the leading media．
C.The decline of the grain yield growth．
D.The food supply in populous countries． 62．Why does the author mention India and China inparticular?
A.Their self-sufficiency is vital to the stability of world food markets．
B.Their food yields have begun to decrease sharply in recent years．
C.Their big populations are causing worldwide concerns．
D 1 Their food self-sufficiency has been taken for granted． 63．What does the new study by the two universitiessay about recent crop improvement efforts?
A. They fail to produce the same remarkable results as before the l980s．
B.They contribute a lot to the improvement of human food production．
C.They play a major role in guaranteeing the food security of the world．
D.They focus more on the increase of animal feed than human food grains． 64．What does the Food and Agriculture Organisationsay about world food production in the coming decades?
A.The growing population will greatly increase the pressure on world food supplies．
B.The optimistic prediction about food production should be viewed with caution．
C. The slowdown of the growth in yields of major food crops willbe"reversed．
D.The world will be able to feed its population without increasing farmland． 65．How does the author view the argument of theFood and Agriculture Organisation?
A.It is built on the findings of a new study．
B.It is based on a doubtful assumption．
C.It is backed by strong evidence．
D. It is open to further discussion．
PartIV Translation(30 minutes)
Directions：For this part，you are allowed 30 minutes totranslate a passage from Chinese into English．Youshould write your answer on Answer Sheet 2．
据报道，今年中国快递服务(courier services)将递送大约120亿件包裹。这将使中国有可能超越美国成为世界上最大的快递市场。大多数包裹里装着网上订购的物品。中国给数百万在线零售商以极具竞争力的价格销售商品的机会。仅在ll月11日，中国消费者就从国内最大的购物平台购买了价值90亿美元的商品。中国有不少这样的特殊购物日。因此，快递业在中国扩展就不足为奇了。
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发表于 2016-4-15 15:54:43
发表于 2021-1-29 23:41:03
