四级考试频度很大的几个用法

2015吐槽专用

   1.引导让步状语从句（通常可以用though替换），使用下面句型：1）"形容词／副词十as＋主语十谓语：Young as I am，I know some of the family secrets．尽管我还很小，但我了解一些家庭秘密。Muchas like her，I will not marry her．虽然我很喜欢她，但我并不想与她结婚。Some members of the staff couldn't handle the case，hard as theytried．一些职员不管怎么想办法也解决不了这个问题。2）"原形动词十as十主语十may／might／will／would"：Try as he would，he could not lift the rock．不管他用多大劲也举不起那块石头。Therewas not a soul to be found in the house，search as they would．不管他们怎么寻找，房子里也找不到一个人。

　　

    2.作关系代词，使用下面句型：1）"such…as"（as在此接近于who/that/which）：Such women as Tom knew thought he was charming.汤姆认识的那些妇女都认为他长得很迷人。I never heard such stories as he tells.我从未听说过他讲的那些故事。He never hesitates to make such criticisms as are considered helpfulto others．只要对别人有帮助，他从不犹豫提出这类批评。It wasn't such a good dinner she had promised us． a．that b．which c．as d．what（答案c．CET－4'90／1．译文：它并不是像她承诺我们的那样一顿美餐。）2）用在"the same…as"句型中：He doesn't believe the same things as you do．他不相信你相信的那些东西。（注：as的这一用法在OALD词典中被当作连词，但在张道真教授编的《现代英语用法词典》（重排本）P70中被当作关系代词，似乎后者更合理、更好理解些。）

　　3．用在"as＋be动词十表语"从句中，表不"正如"：He is absent，as is often the case．他正如通常那样又缺席了。Freddie，as might be expected，was attending the conference．正如可能预料的那样，弗雷迪当时正在出席会议。As was expected，he performed the task with success．正如预料的那样，他成功地完成了任务。______ is known to the world，Mark Twain is a great American writer. a．That b．Which c．As d．It（答案 c．CET－4'93／6．译文：正如世人所知，马克?吐温是一位伟大的美国作家。_____ is generally accepted，economical growth is determined by the smooth development ofproduction．a．What b．That c．It d．As（答案d．考研'95．译文：正如所公认的那样，经济增长是由生产的平稳发展所决定的。）（注：as在这一句型中是连词还是关系代词也存在着争议，它在结构上更接近关系代词，但as与that／which不同，that／which引导的关系从句只能放在先行词后面，而as引导的从句不但可以放在主句的后面，还可以放在主句的前面。）

　　4．as用于省略句，为避免重复，as代替表语或宾语部分：David is tall，as are my brothers．像我的几个弟兄们一样，戴维也是个高个儿。（as are my brothers用的是倒装语序，正常语序应是 as my brothers are。）The Second World War，as did the earlier one of 1914，prompted publicconcern about a physical and Intellectual well－being of thecountry's human resources．第二次世界大战，正如早些时候1914年的那次一样，立即引起了公众对这个国家人力资源的身心健康的关注。

　　5．as用于省略句，引起分词短语作状语：As expected，the afforestation movement rapidly spread．正如预料的那样，植树造林运动迅速扩展开来。It usually happens as described above．它的发生通常如上面所描写的那样。Hehad failed to visit her as promised．他没有像他允诺的那样去看望她。Hisfirst novel"Night" was an account of the Nazi crimes ____ through theeyes of a teenaged boy．a．as seen b．which saw c．but was seen d．and were seen（答案a．选自六级样题．译文：他的第一部小说《夜》通过一个十几岁的男孩的眼睛描述了纳粹的罪行。）

　　6．用于as much…as；not so much… as"或"not so／as十形容词十as"句式中：He said the situation there was not so bad as had been painted．他说，那里的局势并不像所描绘的那样糟。The great use of a school education is not so much to teach youthings as to teach the art of learning．学校教育的伟大作用与其说是教给你东西，还不如说是教给你如何学习的技能。He is not so much a writer as a reporter．与其说他是位作家，还不如说他是个记者。They were expected to be models of virtue，honoured asmuch for their character as for their learning．人们期望他们成为美德的典范，不但因为他们的学识，而且因为他们的品德而受到敬重。

　　7．用于 as if/as though引导的省略句中：He paused as if expecting Lenny to speak．（as if后面跟现在分词）他停了一下，好象是在等待拉尼讲话一样。The boy turned， as if awakened from some dream。（后面跟过去分词）那男孩翻了翻身，好像从梦中醒来一样。He opened his mouth as if to speak something．（后面跟不定式）他张张口，好像要说些什么。He glanced as if in search of something．（后面跟介词短语）他瞟了一眼，好像在寻找什么东西一样。

　　8．用在"just as…，so…"结构中：Just as the soil is a part of the earth，＿_ theatmosphere． a．as it is b．the same is c．so is d．and so is（答案 c．考研'95．译文：正如土壤是地球的一部分一样，大气层也是地球的一部分。）（so is the atmosphere是倒装句。在"just as…，so…"句式中，so引导的主句常用倒装语序，尤其在主语特别长时更是如此，so代替被省略了的表语部分。）Just as the builder is skilled in the handling of his bricks， ______ theexperienced writer is skilled in the handling of his words．a．so b．as c．thus d．like（答案 a．CET．6'93／6．译文：正如建筑工人砌砖郁闲熟的技艺一样，有经验的作家在用词做文章上也有高超的技艺。）